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What you must declare

This section includes commercial affiliations.

A commercial affiliation is an employment or other relationship with a for-profit organisation that could reasonably be perceived to influence the research.

Examples include:

• Employment by a commercial company
• Paid consultancy or advisory roles
• Board or leadership roles in a for-profit organisation
• Equity interests (for example, owning shares or stock options)
• Paid expert testimony
• Patent applications (pending or granted)
• Travel grants, honoraria, or gifts from commercial organisations

If an author's affiliation with a commercial organisation was established after the study was conducted, it should still be declared here if it could reasonably be perceived to influence the research.

If you are unsure whether an affiliation should be declared, please include it.

Financial conflicts of interest

Declare any financial relationships with organisations that could be perceived as influencing your research, including employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, and paid expert testimony.

Non-financial conflicts of interest

Declare any non-financial relationships or activities that could be perceived as influencing your research, including personal or professional relationships, affiliations, and beliefs.

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With one section expanded by default

What you must declare

This section includes commercial affiliations.

A commercial affiliation is an employment or other relationship with a for-profit organisation that could reasonably be perceived to influence the research.

Examples include:

• Employment by a commercial company
• Paid consultancy or advisory roles
• Board or leadership roles in a for-profit organisation
• Equity interests (for example, owning shares or stock options)
• Paid expert testimony
• Patent applications (pending or granted)
• Travel grants, honoraria, or gifts from commercial organisations

If an author's affiliation with a commercial organisation was established after the study was conducted, it should still be declared here if it could reasonably be perceived to influence the research.

If you are unsure whether an affiliation should be declared, please include it.

Financial conflicts of interest

Declare any financial relationships with organisations that could be perceived as influencing your research, including employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, and paid expert testimony.

Non-financial conflicts of interest

Declare any non-financial relationships or activities that could be perceived as influencing your research, including personal or professional relationships, affiliations, and beliefs.